Bell I also have limited expirence with this in my 8 years of raising deer.
I have had a few velvet injured antlers over the years, not many, but some. However my expirence has been with almost all yearling bucks, and since my yearlings seldom get more than 50-100" of antler, it's for me to say the undamaged side got bigger than it normally would, because it normally wouldn't be big anyways, lol. Usually to me, on an injured yearling, the undamaged antler just grows to look like it probably would have anyways. Although you may be right, it may grow slightly longer points, maybe a bit more mass or an extra point.
I think that it would show a lot more on a completely nontypical buck than a typical buck, or an older age class buck, in my opinion.
I have noticed that when one of my bucks that had an antler injury, starts to grow his rack the following year, it sometimes grows like it's a week or two behind right from the start. Usually it will finish with the tines or main beam just a little shorter than the side that was never injured. Another thing I noticed is the prior years injured side usually never developers a normal burr around the pedicle. I have noticed this because I don't cut antlers so I always find my sheds, and when I examine the burrs, the bucks that never had antlers injury issues have the normal, classic burr. The ones who were injured the previous season usually have little to no burr and their pedicle is a little mis shaped or they shed more or less pedicle off when the antler drops than the normal side would.